Black Slaves, Indian Masters: Slavery, Emancipation, and Citizenship in the Native American South hematoid quartz and purpose

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Black Slaves, Indian Masters: Slavery, Emancipation, and Citizenship in the Native American South hematoid quartz and purposeFrom the late eighteenth century through the end of the Civil War, Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians bought, sold, and owned Africans and African Americans as slaves, a fact that persisted after the tribes' removal from the Deep South to Indian Territory. The tribes formulated racial and gender ideologies that justified this practice and marginalized free black people in the Indian nations well after the Civil War and slavery had ended. Through the end of